Reading : Scanning dan Skimming

1. Skimming   


Skimming diartikan membaca dengan cepat untuk menentukan topik atau pokok pikiran dalam bacaan. Dengan menggunakan teknik ini, Anda dapat memprediksi tujuan penulisan teks, topik bacaan, dan pokok pikiran utama. Berikut disampaikan contoh penerapan teknik skimming.

Example:

  Gold, a precious metal, is prized for two important characteristics. First of all, gold has a lustrous beauty that is resistant to corrosion. Therefore, it is suitable for jewelry, coins, and ornamental purposes. Gold never needs to be polished and will remain beautiful forever. For example, a Macedonian coins remains as untarnished to day as the day it was minted twenty-three centuries ago. Another important characteristic of gold is usefulness to industry and science. For many years, it has been used in hundreds of industrial applications. The most recent use of gold is in astronaut's suits. Astronauts wear goldplated heat shields for protection outside spaceships. In conclusion, gold is treasured not only for its beauty but also for its utility.


(1) What is the topic of the text?  Gold
(2) What is the main idea of the text?  Gold is prized for two important characteristics.


2. Scanning

Scanning merujuk pada membaca dengan cepat untuk menemukan informasi faktual yang ada dalam teks. Tujuan dari teknik ini adalah to extract specific information without reading through the whole text. Brown (2007) menambahkan bahwa scanning berkenaan dengan pencarian informasi rinci seperti nama, keterangan tempat, keterangan waktu, kata kunci, hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan angka. Teknik ini dapat digunakan untuk menjawab pertanyaan yang berhubungan dengan who, what, how long, where, when, how much, how far,  dan sebagainya. Berikut disampaikan contoh penerapan teknik ini.

OAP Halts Wagon with Pram 

    An old aged pensioner managed to stop a ten ton wagon using only a pram, making the wagon reverse for three quarters of a mile through a park. 83-year old Mrs Norah Padstow was playing with her grandson, Wayne, in Jubilee Park, Dudley, last week when she saw a ten-ton wagon attempting to take a short cut along a pedestrian-only path across the park. Furious that he was breaking the law and putting children at risk, she pushed her pram in front of the wagon and refused to move. The driver, Mr Eric Smithson, argued with her for some time but eventually had to reverse all the way back to the ring road.  Mrs Padstow told our reporter, “I knew he wouldn’t knock me down if I stood my ground. Wagon drivers keep using the park as a short cut to avoid the traffic jams in the town centre but they shouldn’t do it and one day a child will get hurt!”  Mr Smithson was not available for comment. 

Merujuk pada teks tersebut di atas, berikut disampaikan pertanyaan yang berkaitan dengan informasi faktual yang dapat didekati dengan teknik scanning.

No. Pertanyaan Jawaban
01. Who stopped a ten-ton wagon? An old aged pensioner
02. How old was Mrs. Norah Padstow? She was 83-year old
03.  What was her grandson’s name?  He was Wayne.
04.  What was the name of the driver of the ten-ton wagon? He was Mr Eric Smithson
05. What did Mrs Padstow tell the reporter? “I knew he wouldn’t knock me down if I stood my ground.”